28 - Dr. Annemarie Samuels (Leiden University, the Netherlands): "HIV and Care in Aceh, Indonesia: Navigating (In)visibility and Gendered Inequality"" [ID:46258]
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Thank you. So what I'd like to do is three things basically. So first of all, very broadly,

catch for you how I came to study HIV care, what it looks like in this part of the world,

how people living with HIV navigate access to care, and what it's also like to do ethnographic

fieldwork on such a topic. And that's also quite a lot for point one, I guess. But then

particularly I'd like to highlight is gender dimensions of navigating access to HIV care.

So how are these, like what gender barriers and inequalities do we encounter there? And

finally, since this course is also on decision making, I will say a few words on decision

making and medicalization and processes of decision making in healthcare. So let me start

by if I can. Yes. Let me start by showing you. Oh, window is closed. Let me try that

again. Here and then somehow that is not working. All right. Okay, now it's moving.

Apologies for that. Just a map to give you a sense of where we are. And so most of my

research has taken place in a province called Aceh, which is on the northwestern most tip

of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia, as you can see on the other map. And I'll tell

you a little bit about the history and context of this place. As you can see, it's actually

very strategically located geographically as it's not only on the tip of the island

of Sumatra, but also on the edge of the Indian Ocean. And Banda Aceh, right, really on the

tip of the island, as you can see, also still the capital of Aceh was already in the 15,

like 16, 17, mostly centuries, a very important center of trade for countries and people around

the Indian Ocean with rich sultanates benefiting from the pepper trade. And also the place

where allegedly at least historians assume that Islam entered Indonesia for the first

time. And that is something that people in Aceh are very, very proud of. So they are

still priding themselves of being the most Islamic or most pious province of Indonesia

with 98% of the population of about four and a half million being Muslim. And also recently

they have like more stricter Islamic laws. They're only part of Indonesia where there

is Islamic criminal law, for example. And Islam plays a very important role in everyday

life. Now this little bit of colonial history, perhaps, because this was one of the

last parts of the Indonesian archipelago to be occupied by the Dutch. And that started

in 1873 when the Dutch had occupied most of the archipelago and they thought it would

easily also capture Aceh. But they met with fierce resistance and a colonial war of at

least 30 years. And that was the bloodiest colonial war from the Dutch colonial history

happened. And also after that war officially ended in the early 20th century, there was

still a lot of resistance until the end of that rule with the Second World War. Also

after the Second World War, there's been like regular uprisings of violence in Aceh and

most recently a violent conflict between resistance fighters, freedom fighters in Aceh, like fighting

for an independent country of Aceh and the Indonesian army that lasted from 1976 to 2005.

And in the midst of that conflict, on Boxing Day 2004, a huge tsunami, also known as the

Indian Ocean Tsunami, hit the province of Aceh. And this is something that you may have

heard of. It's known as one of the biggest natural disasters in human history, where

this tsunami waves actually destroyed much of the coastal areas in Aceh, but also other

parts of Indian Ocean countries from Thailand and India, Sri Lanka and Maldives and other

parts of this edge of the Indian Ocean. And in Aceh alone, the waves took an estimated

170,000 lives and completely wiped out entire villages. And also of the capital city, Banda

Aceh, more than a third of the city was destroyed and another third was severely affected.

So you see an image here of the destruction and also on the right side, an image of reconstruction,

because after that disaster, many, many international aid organizations entered the province and

also national aid organizations. I think at the peak of the reconstruction period, there

were at least 600 aid organizations in this relatively small city of 200,000 residents.

And also all that international attention sort of catalyzed the peace process, which

then ended the conflict a year or eight months later. And there's still currently still peace

in Aceh. So this was a huge episode in Aceh's history. And it's also when I started visiting

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00:43:45 Min

Aufnahmedatum

2022-12-12

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2022-12-22 13:26:04

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